A sensor is a device that detects or measures physical or chemical quantities and converts them into electrical or digital signals. Sensors are used to gather information about the surrounding environment or the state of a system. They can detect various parameters such as temperature, pressure, light, motion, proximity, humidity, and many others. Sensors are widely used in industries, scientific research, automation systems, and consumer electronics. Examples of sensors include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, proximity sensors, accelerometers, and photodetectors.
An actuator is a device that converts electrical or digital signals into physical action or control. Actuators are used to make mechanical or physical changes in the environment based on the input they receive. They are responsible for carrying out the desired response or output based on the information gathered by sensors or as per the instructions from a control system. Actuators can be electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, or mechanical in nature, depending on the specific application. Examples of actuators include motors, solenoids, relays, valves, and pumps.
In summary, sensors gather information from the environment and convert it into electrical or digital signals, while actuators receive signals and perform physical actions or control mechanisms based on those signals. Together, sensors and actuators are crucial components in various systems, ranging from industrial automation and robotics to everyday consumer devices.
